| Shortcut | Description |
|---|---|
| Command-X | Cut: Remove the selected item and copy it to the Clipboard. |
| Command-C | Copy the selected item to the Clipboard. This also works for files in the Finder. |
| Command-V | Paste the contents of the Clipboard into the current document or app. This also works for files in the Finder. |
| Command-Z | Undo the previous command. You can then press Command-Shift-Z to Redo, reversing the undo command. In some apps, you can undo and redo multiple commands. |
| Command-A | Select All items. |
| Command-F | Find: Open a Find window, or find items in a document. |
| Command-G | Find Again: Find the next occurrence of the item previously found. To find the previous occurrence, press Command-Shift-G. |
| Command-H | Hide the windows of the front app. To view the front app but hide all other apps, press Command-Option-H. |
| Command-M | Minimize the front window to the Dock. To minimize all windows of the front app, press Command-Option-M. |
| Command-N | New: Open an new document or window. |
| Command-O | Open the selected item, or open a dialog to select a file to open. |
| Command-P | Print the current document. |
| Command-S | Save the current document. |
| Command-W | Close the front window. To close all windows of the app, press Command-Option-W. |
| Command-Q | Quit the app. |
| Command-Option-Esc | Force Quit: Choose an app to force quit. Or press Command-Shift-Option-Esc and hold for 3 seconds to force just the front app to quit. |
| Command–Space bar | Spotlight: Show or hide the Spotlight search field. To perform a Spotlight search from a Finder window, press Command–Option–Space bar. If you use multiple input sources to type in different languages, these shortcuts change input sources instead of showing Spotlight. |
| Space bar | Quick Look: Use Quick Look to preview the selected item. |
| Command-Tab | Switch apps: Switch to the next most recently used app among your open apps. |
| Command-Shift-Tilde (~) | Switch windows: Switch to the next most recently used window of the front app. |
| Command-Shift-3 | Screenshot: Take a screenshot of the entire screen. Learn more screenshot shortcuts. |
| Command-Comma (,) | Preferences: Open preferences for the front app. |
Sleep, log out, and shut down shortcuts
| Shortcut | Description |
|---|---|
| Power button | Tap to turn on your Mac or wake your Mac from sleep. |
| Hold for 1.5 seconds while your Mac is awake to display a dialog asking if you want to restart, sleep, or shut down. | |
| Hold for 5 seconds to force your Mac to turn off. | |
| Command–Control–Power button | Force your Mac to restart. |
| Command–Option–Power button | Put your Mac to sleep. |
| Shift–Control–Power button | Put your displays to sleep. |
| Command–Control–Power button | Quit all apps, then restart your Mac. If any open documents have unsaved changes, you’ll be asked whether you want to save them. |
| Command–Option–Control–Power button | Quit all apps, then shut down your Mac. If any open documents have unsaved changes, you’ll be asked whether you want to save them. |
| Command-Shift-Q | Log out of your OS X user account. You’ll be asked to confirm. |
| Command-Shift-Option-Q | Log out of your OS X user account immediately, without being asked to confirm. |
Document shortcuts
| Shortcut | Description |
|---|---|
| Command-B | Boldface the selected text, or turn boldfacing on or off. |
| Command-I | Italicize the selected text, or turn italics on or off. |
| Command-U | Underline the selected text, or turn underlining on or off. |
| Command-T | Show or hide the Fonts window. |
| Command-D | Select the Desktop folder from within an Open dialog or Save dialog. |
| Command-Control-D | Show or hide the definition of the selected word. |
| Command-Shift-Colon (:) | Display the Spelling and Grammar window. |
| Command-Semicolon (;) | Find misspelled words in the document. |
| Option-Delete | Delete the word to the left of the insertion point. |
| Control-H | Delete the character to the left of the insertion point. Or use Delete. |
| Control-D | Delete the character to the right of the insertion point. Or use Fn-Delete. |
| Fn-Delete | Forward delete on keyboards that don’t have a Forward Delete  key. Or use Control-D. |
| Control-K | Delete the text between the insertion point and the end of the line or paragraph. |
| Command-Delete | Select Delete or Don’t Save in a dialog that contains a Delete or Don’t Save button. |
| Fn–Up Arrow | Page Up: Scroll up one page. |
| Fn–Down Arrow | Page Down: Scroll down one page. |
| Fn–Left Arrow | Home: Scroll to the beginning of a document. |
| Fn–Right Arrow | End: Scroll to the end of a document. |
| Command–Up Arrow | Move the insertion point to the beginning of the document. |
| Command–Down Arrow | Move the insertion point to the end of the document. |
| Command–Left Arrow | Move the insertion point to the beginning of the current line. |
| Command–Right Arrow | Move the insertion point to the end of the current line. |
| Option–Left Arrow | Move the insertion point to the beginning of the previous word. |
| Option–Right Arrow | Move the insertion point to the end of the next word. |
| Command–Shift–Up Arrow | Select the text between the insertion point and the beginning of the document. |
| Command–Shift–Down Arrow | Select the text between the insertion point and the end of the document. |
| Command–Shift–Left Arrow | Select the text between the insertion point and the beginning of the current line. |
| Command–Shift–Right Arrow | Select the text between the insertion point and the end of the current line. |
| Shift–Up Arrow | Extend text selection to the nearest character at the same horizontal location on the line above. |
| Shift–Down Arrow | Extend text selection to the nearest character at the same horizontal location on the line below. |
| Shift–Left Arrow | Extend text selection one character to the left. |
| Shift–Right Arrow | Extend text selection one character to the right. |
| Shift–Option–Up Arrow | Extend text selection to the beginning of the current paragraph, then to the beginning of the following paragraph if pressed again. |
| Shift–Option–Down Arrow | Extend text selection to the end of the current paragraph, then to the end of the following paragraph if pressed again. |
| Shift–Option–Left Arrow | Extend text selection to the beginning of the current word, then to the beginning of the following word if pressed again. |
| Shift–Option–Right Arrow | Extend text selection to the end of the current word, then to the end of the following word if pressed again. |
| Control-A | Move to the beginning of the line or paragraph. |
| Control-E | Move to the end of a line or paragraph. |
| Control-F | Move one character forward. |
| Control-B | Move one character backward. |
| Control-L | Center the cursor or selection in the visible area. |
| Control-P | Move up one line. |
| Control-N | Move down one line. |
| Control-O | Insert a new line after the insertion point. |
| Control-T | Swap the character behind the insertion point with the character in front of the insertion point. |
| Command–Left Curly Bracket ({) | Left align. |
| Command–Right Curly Bracket (}) | Right align. |
| Command–Shift–Vertical bar (|) | Center align. |
| Command-Option-F | Go to the search field. |
| Command-Option-T | Show or hide a toolbar in the app. |
| Command-Option-C | Copy Style: Copy the formatting settings of the selected item to the Clipboard. |
| Command-Option-V | Paste Style: Apply the copied style to the selected item. |
| Command-Shift-Option-V | Paste and Match Style: Apply the style of the surrounding content to the item pasted within that content. |
| Command-Option-I | Show or hide the inspector window. |
| Command-Shift-P | Page setup: Display a window for selecting document settings. |
| Command-Shift-S | Display the Save As dialog, or duplicate the current document. |
| Command–Shift– Minus sign (-) |
Decrease the size of the selected item. |
| Command–Shift– Plus sign (+) |
Increase the size of the selected item. Command–Equal sign (=) performs the same function. |
| Command–Shift– Question mark (?) |
Open the Help menu. |
Finder shortcuts
| Shortcut | Description |
|---|---|
| Command-D | Duplicate the selected files. |
| Command-E | Eject the selected disk or volume. |
| Command-F | Start a Spotlight search in the Finder window. |
| Command-I | Show the Get Info window for a selected file. |
| Command-Shift-C | Open the Computer window. |
| Command-Shift-D | Open the desktop folder. |
| Command-Shift-F | Open the All My Files window. |
| Command-Shift-G | Open a Go to Folder window. |
| Command-Shift-H | Open the Home folder of the current OS X user account. |
| Command-Shift-I | Open iCloud Drive. |
| Command-Shift-K | Open the Network window. |
| Command-Option-L | Open the Downloads folder. |
| Command-Shift-O | Open the Documents folder. |
| Command-Shift-R | Open the AirDrop window. |
| Command-Shift-T | Add selected Finder item to the Dock (OS X Mountain Lion or earlier) |
| Command-Shift-Control-T | Add selected Finder item to the Dock (OS X Mavericks or later) |
| Command-Shift-U | Open the Utilities folder. |
| Command-Option-D | Show or hide the Dock. This often works even when you’re not in the Finder. |
| Command-Control-T | Add the selected item to the sidebar (OS X Mavericks or later). |
| Command-Option-P | Hide or show the path bar in Finder windows. |
| Command-Option-S | Hide or show the Sidebar in Finder windows. |
| Command–Slash (/) | Hide or show the status bar in Finder windows. |
| Command-J | Show View Options. |
| Command-K | Open the Connect to Server window. |
| Command-L | Make an alias of the selected item. |
| Command-N | Open a new Finder window. |
| Command-Shift-N | Create a new folder. |
| Command-Option-N | Create a new Smart Folder. |
| Command-R | Show the original file for the selected alias. |
| Command-T | Show or hide the tab bar when a single tab is open in the current Finder window. |
| Command-Shift-T | Show or hide a Finder tab. |
| Command-Option-T | Show or hide the toolbar when a single tab is open in the current Finder window. |
| Command-Option-V | Move: Move the files in the Clipboard from their original location to the current location. |
| Command-Option-Y | View a Quick Look slideshow of the selected files. |
| Command-Y | Use Quick Look to preview the selected files. |
| Command-1 | View the items in the Finder window as icons. |
| Command-2 | View the items in a Finder window as a list. |
| Command-3 | View the items in a Finder window in columns. |
| Command-4 | View the items in a Finder window with Cover Flow. |
| Command–Left Bracket ([) | Go to the previous folder. |
| Command–Right Bracket (]) | Go to the next folder. |
| Command–Up Arrow | Open the folder that contains the current folder. |
| Command–Control–Up Arrow | Open the folder that contains the current folder in a new window. |
| Command–Down Arrow | Open the selected item. |
| Command–Mission Control | Show the desktop. This works even when you’re not in the Finder. |
| Command–Brightness Up | Turn Target Display Mode on or off. |
| Command–Brightness Down | Turn display mirroring on or off when your Mac is connected to more than one display. |
| Right Arrow | Open the selected folder. This works only when in list view. |
| Left Arrow | Close the selected folder. This works only when in list view. |
| Option–double-click | Open a folder in a separate window and close the current window. |
| Command–double-click | Open a folder in a separate tab or window. |
| Command-Delete | Move the selected item to the Trash. |
| Command-Shift-Delete | Empty the Trash. |
| Command-Shift-Option-Delete | Empty the Trash without confirmation dialog. |
| Command-Y | Use Quick Look to preview the files. |
| Option–Brightness Up | Open Displays preferences. This works with either Brightness key. |
| Option–Mission Control | Open Mission Control preferences. |
| Option–Volume Up | Open Sound preferences. This works with any of the volume keys. |
| Command key while dragging | Move the dragged item to another volume or location. The pointer changes while you drag the item. |
| Option key while dragging | Copy the dragged item. The pointer changes while you drag the item. |
| Command-Option while dragging | Make an alias of the dragged item. The pointer changes while you drag the item. |
| Option-click a disclosure triangle | Open all folders within the selected folder. This works only when in list view. |
| Command-click a window title | See the folders that contain the current folder. |
